{"id":16655,"date":"2019-10-10T08:04:11","date_gmt":"2019-10-10T00:04:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.qiusir.com\/?p=16655"},"modified":"2026-02-01T20:14:57","modified_gmt":"2026-02-01T12:14:57","slug":"%e5%9b%9e%e6%97%8b%e5%8a%a0%e9%80%9f%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qiusir.com\/?p=16655","title":{"rendered":"\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668|cyclotron"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5173\u4e8e\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\uff0c\u4e2d\u5b66\u751f\u80fd\u61c2\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u8bd5\u7740\uff08\u534a\uff09\u5b9a\u91cf\u7814\u7a76\u4e0b80\u5e74\u524d\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u88c5\u7f6e\uff0cwho what where when why how…
\n\"qiusir201910\"
\n1919\u5e74\u5362\u745f\u798f(E.Rutherford)\u7528\u5929\u7136\u653e\u5c04\u6e90\u4e2d$\\alpha$ \u7c92\u5b50\uff08\u5373\u6c26\u6838\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u70ae\u5f39\u201d\u8f70\u51fb\u91d1\u5c5e\u7b94\u7684\u201c\u9776\u201d(atomic target)\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4eba\u5de5\u6838\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u65ad\u5bfb\u6c42\u66f4\u9ad8\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u70ae\u5f39\u201d\u3002
\n\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u52a0\u901f\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u548c\u8d28\u5b50\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u52a0\u901f\u7c92\u5b50\uff1f\u63a2\u7d22\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7c92\u5b50\u6027\u8d28\u4ee5\u53ca\u83b7\u5f97\u65b0\u7c92\u5b50\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8ba9\u80bf\u7624\u6d88\u9664\uff0c\u8ba9\u571f\u8c46\u589e\u4ea7…
\n\"zeyuanz\"
\n\u7334\u5b50\u7838\u6838\u6843\u4e3a\u98df\uff0c\u800c\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u59cb\u4e8e\u597d\u5947\u3002\u7784\u51c6\u4e52\u4e53\u7403\uff08\u8d85\u5e38\u90e8\uff0c\u81e7\u6cfd\u5143\uff09\u7684\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u957f\u5927\u4e86\u6ca1\u51c6\u4f1a\u53bb\u8f70\u51fb\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u6216\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u6ca1\u51c6\u4f1a\u6380\u8d77\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u6ce2\u6f9c…
\n\u96f6\u3001\u76f4\u7ebf\u52a0\u901f\u5668\uff08high-frequency linear accelerator\uff09
\n\"linear
\nvia[?<\/a>]\u6309\u7167\u8868\u8fbe\u4e60\u60ef\u4fee\u6539\u4e86U\u4ee3\u8868\u7535\u538b\u7b49\u7ec6\u8282<\/em>
\n\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7c92\u5b50\u6bcf\u6b21\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5230\u8fbe\u95f4\u9699\u4ece\u800c\u88ab\u52a0\u901f\uff0c\u5f53\u7535\u573a\u53cd\u5411\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u5904\u4e8e\u5c4f\u853d\u4e86\u51cf\u901f\u7535\u573a\u7684\u6f02\u79fb\u7ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u52a0\u901f\u3002\u9ad8\u9891…
\n\uff08\u4e3a\u7b80\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6b64\u6587\u628a\u7a84\u7f1d\u5904\u7684\u7535\u573a\u90fd\u7b49\u6548\u4e3a\u5300\u5f3a\u7535\u573a\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f53\u6210\u5300\u53d8\u901f\u8fd0\u52a8\uff09
\neg0:\u52a0\u901f\u7f1d\u9699\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e14\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8d28\u5b50\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6f02\u79fb\u7ba1\u5185\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u534a\u4e2a\u5468\u671f\u3002\u4ee5\u53ca\u7535\u538b$f=1\\times10^7Hz$\uff0c$v_{c_1}=8\\times10^6m\/s$,$v_{c_4}=1\\times10^7m\/s$\uff0c\u8d28\u5b50\u6bd4\u8377$\\frac{q}{m}=1\\times10^8C\/kg$\u3002\u6c42\u6f02\u79fb\u7ba1C1\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u548c\u76f8\u90bb\u4e24\u7ba1\u95f4\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u7535\u538b…
\n(0.4m $6\\times10^4V$)
\n\"linear
\n\u4e00\u3001\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668
\n\u65e9\u57281924\u5e74\u5c31\u6709\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u76f4\u7ebf\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c1928\u5e74\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u7528\u6f02\u79fb\u7ba1\u4e0a\u52a0\u9ad8\u9891\u7535\u538b\u539f\u7406\u5efa\u6210\u7684\u76f4\u7ebf\u52a0\u901f\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u539f\u7406\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u4e0b\uff0c\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\"1932\"<\/center>
\n\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u9891\u4ea4\u6d41\uff08\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u6f02\u79fb\u7ba1\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u7528\u9ad8\u9891\uff1f\uff09\u7535\u538b\u6765\u52a0\u901f\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u4ece\u5341\u51e0\u5398\u7c73\u5230\u6570\u7c73\u90fd\u6709\u3002\u7531\u6b27\u5185\u65af\u7279\u00b7\u52b3\u4f26\u65af(E.O.Lawrence)\u4e8e1929\u5e74\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u5206\u6821\u53d1\u660e\uff0c\u83b71939\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u3002
\n\u4e8c\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570
\n0\u3001\u4f30\u7b97\u8d28\u5b50\u57281T\u78c1\u573a\u4e2d\u504f\u8f6c\u7684\u9891\u7387\u548c\u52a8\u80fd\u4e3a1Mev\u7684\u8d28\u5b50\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u5149\u901f\u7684\u591a\u5c11\u500d
\n$f=\\frac{qB}{2\\pi m}$ $f=\\frac{1.6\\times10^{-19}C\\times1T}{2\\pi\\times1.67\\times10^{-27}kg}$ \u4f30\u7b97\u7ea6$10^7Hz$\uff1b$E_k=\\frac{1}{2}mv^2$,$\\frac{1}{2}1.67\\times10^{-27}v^2=1.6\\times10^{-19}\\times10^6$\u7c97\u7565\u4f30\u7b97\u7ea6\u5149\u901f\u76840.05\u500d
\n1\u3001\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6700\u5927\u901f\u5ea6$v_{m}$
\n\u5728\u901f\u5ea6\u8fdc\u5c0f\u4e8e\u5149\u901f\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u88ab\u52a0\u901fn\u6b21\u540e\u7684\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u5728\u78c1\u573a\u4e2d\u7684\u5706\u5468\u8fd0\u52a8\u6ee1\u8db3$qv_{n}B=\\frac{mv^{2}}{r_{n}}$ \uff0c\u8f68\u9053\u534a\u5f84$r_{n}=\\frac{mv_{n}}{qB}$
\n\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u7684\u6700\u5927\u534a\u5f84\u4e3a$R$\uff0c\u5219\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6700\u5927\u901f\u5ea6$v_{m}=\\frac{qBR}{m}$
\n\u4e0e\u52a0\u901f\u7535\u538b$U$\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6700\u5927\u901f\u5ea6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u6210$v_{m}=2\\pi{R}{f}$\uff08$f_B=f_U$\uff09<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u76f8\u90bb\u8f68\u9053\u534a\u5f84\u7684\u6bd4$\\frac{r_{n+1}}{r_{n}}$
\n\u7531$nqU=\\frac{1}{2}m{v_n}^2$\uff0c$r_{n}=\\frac{mv_{n}}{qB}$\uff0c\u5f97$r_{n}=\\sqrt{\\frac{2nmU}{qB^2}}$
\n$\\frac{r_{n+1}}{r_{n}}=\\sqrt{\\frac{n+1}{n}}$\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u8f68\u9053\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5bc6\u96c6…<\/p>\n

\"1932\"<\/center>
\n3\u3001\u5e26\u70b9\u7c92\u5b50\u88ab\u7535\u573a\u52a0\u901f\u7684\u6b21\u6570$n$
\n\u72ed\u7f1d\u95f4\u52a0\u901f\u7535\u538b$U$\uff0c\u7531\u52a8\u80fd\u5b9a\u7406\u77e5\uff0c\u6bcf\u52a0\u901f\u4e00\u6b21\u5bf9\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u505a\u529f\u4e3a$qU$\uff0c$nqU=E_{km}$
\n\u7531\u524d\u9762\u5f97\u77e5$v_{m}$\uff0c\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6700\u5927\u52a8\u80fd\u4e3a$E_{km}=\\frac{1}{2}m{v_{m}}^{2}=\\frac{q^2B^2R^2}{2m}$
\n\u5219\u88ab\u52a0\u901f\u7684\u6b21\u6570$n=\\frac{qB^2R^2}{2mU}$\uff08\u66f4\u5e94\u8be5\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u201c\u52a0\u80fd\u5668\u201d\uff09<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u5728\u78c1\u573a\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u603b\u65f6\u95f4$t_{B}$
\n\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u5728\u78c1\u573a\u4e2d\u505a\u5706\u5468\u8fd0\u52a8\u5468\u671f\u4e3a\u5b9a\u503c\uff0c$T=\\frac{2\\pi{m}}{qB}$\u3002\u6bcf\u52a0\u901f\u4e00\u6b21\u504f\u8f6c\u534a\u5468\uff0c$t_{B}=n\\frac{T}{2}$
\n$t_{B}=\\frac{\\pi{B}R^{2}}{2U}$\uff08\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u7c92\u5b50\u79cd\u7c7b\u65e0\u5173\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u5728\u7535\u573a\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u603b\u65f6\u95f4$t_{E}$
\n\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u5728\u72ed\u7f1d\u95f4\u7684\u7535\u573a\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u6210\u662f\u5300\u52a0\u901f\uff0c$a=\\frac{qU}{dm}$\uff0c$v_m=at_{E}$\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7$nd=\\frac{1}{2}a{t_E}^2$\u6c42\u5f97
\n$t_{E}=\\frac{BRd}{U}$<\/p>\n

\"1932\"<\/center>
\n6\u3001\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u5728\u78c1\u573a\u4e2d\u8fd0\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0e\u5728\u7535\u573a\u4e2d\u8fd0\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83$\\frac{t_{B}}{t_{E}}$
\n\u6839\u636e\u524d\u9762\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c$\\frac{t_{B}}{t_{E}}=\\frac{\\pi{R}}{2d}$,\u7531\u4e8e\u72ed\u7f1d\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6d\u8fdc\u5c0f\u4e8e\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u6700\u5927\u534a\u5f84R\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u6709$t_{B}>>t_{E}$\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3002
\n\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u7528\u6700\u540e\u534a\u5708\u7684\u65f6\u95f4$t=\\frac{\\pi{R}}{v_{m}}$\uff0c$t_{B}=\\frac{n\\pi{R}}{v_m}$\uff0c\u800c$t_{E}=\\frac{nd}{\\frac{v_m}{2}}$\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6bd4\u8f83\u66f4\u4fbf\u6377\u3002
\n\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c92\u5b50\u5728\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4e2d\u5fc3\u98de\u884c\u5230\u63d0\u53d6\u88c5\u7f6e\u7684\u603b\u65f6\u95f4\u7ea6\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e2ams\uff09
\n7\u3001\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u95ee\u9898$_{1}^{1}H$\u3001$_{1}^{2}H$\u3001$_{1}^{3}H$\u3001$_{2}^{4}He$
\n\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9$_{1}^{1}H$\u52a0\u901f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f5c\u8c03\u6574\u8fd8\u80fd\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\uff08\u4e9b\uff09\u7c92\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u901f\uff1f
\n\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u5728\u78c1\u573a\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd0\u8f6c\u5468\u671f\u548c\u5916\u52a0\u4ea4\u6d41\u7535\u7684\u9891\u7387\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\uff0c\u800c$T=\\frac{2\\pi{m}}{qB}$\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8377\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0a\u9762\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u7c92\u5b50\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9$_{1}^{3}H$\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u901f\uff0c\u5728\u78c1\u573a\u4e2d\u8fd0\u8f6c\u7684\u5468\u671f\u662f$_{1}^{1}H$\u5947\u6570\u500d\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u6070\u597d\u8d76\u4e0a\u52a0\u901f\u7684\u5cf0\u503c\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684…\uff08\u6700\u5927\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u6700\u5927\u52a8\u80fd\u662f\u8d28\u5b50\u7684\u591a\u5c11\u500d\uff1f\uff09<\/p>\n
http:\/\/www.qiusir.com\/audio\/cyclotronlawrence.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u672c\u4eba\u79d1\u666e\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5b57\u5e55\u662f\u673a\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u3002ups and downs\u7684\u521b\u610f…<\/em>
\n\u4e09\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u9898\u76ee<\/p>\n

\"1932\"<\/center>
\neg1:\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u80fd\u4f7f\u8d28\u5b50\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6700\u5927\u52a8\u80fd\uff1f\uff08\u534a\u5f840.1m\uff0cB=1T\uff0cm=1.67\u00d7${10}^{-27}kg$\uff09\uff08\u7ed3\u5408\u524d\u9762\u4f30\u7b97\u5177\u67091MeV\u52a8\u80fd\u7684\u8d28\u5b50\u901f\u5ea6\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u7535\u5b50\u4f1a\u600e\u6837\uff09\uff08\u76f4\u5f84\u53ea\u670912\u5398\u7c73\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u62ff\u5728\u624b\u91cc\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u7c92\u5b50\u80fd\u91cf\u53ef\u8fbe\u52300.8MeV\uff09
\n\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4e00\u822c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u91cd\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5bf9\u7535\u5b50\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u6548\u5e94\u592a\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u201c\u6ed1\u76f8\u201d\u3002
\n\u8003\u8651\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u6027\u6548\u5e94\uff0c$m=\\frac{m_0}{\\sqrt{1-(\\frac{v}{c})^2}}$
\n\u901f\u5ea6\u589e\u5927\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u7ed5\u884c\u534a\u5708\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u53d8\u957f\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u9010\u6e10\u504f\u79bb\u4e86\u4ea4\u53d8\u7535\u573a\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u9650\u5ea6\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u589e\u5927\u3002
\n\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u4f7f\u78c1\u6781\u5916\u5708\u7684\u78c1\u573a\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u62b5\u6d88\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u6027\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u8c03\u8282\u52a0\u901f\u7535\u573a\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u9002\u5e94\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u6027\u6548\u5e94\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u524d\u4e00\u79cd\u6539\u8fdb\u63aa\u65bd\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u6247\u5f62\u805a\u7126\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\uff0c\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u6539\u8fdb\u63aa\u65bd\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u540c\u6b65\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n

eg2:\u67d0\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4ea4\u53d8\u7535\u538b\u9891\u7387$f$\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u539f\u6765\u9759\u6b62\u7684$\\alpha$\u7c92\u5b50$_{2}^{4}He$\u52a0\u901f\u5230\u6700\u5927\u901f\u7387$v$\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6700\u5927\u52a8\u80fd\u4e3a$E_k$\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u6b21\u6570$n$\u3002\u5ffd\u7565\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u521d\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u6240\u53d7\u91cd\u529b\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u72ed\u7f1d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u4ea4\u6d41\u7535\u9891\u7387\u8c03\u81f3$2f$\uff0c\u5219\u7528\u8be5\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u52a0\u901f\u9759\u6b62\u7684\u8d28\u5b50$_{1}^{1}H$\uff0c\u80fd\u4f7f\u5176\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6700\u5927\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a$2v$\u3001\u6700\u5927\u52a8\u80fd$E_k$\uff0c\u88ab\u52a0\u901f\u7684\u6b21\u6570$2n$<\/p>\n

eg3:\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u5206\u522b\u63a5\u5728\u52a0\u901f\u7535\u538b\u4e3a$U_1$\u548c$U_2$\u7684\u9ad8\u9891\u7535\u6e90\u4e0a,\u4e14$U_1>U_2$\u3002\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u5206\u522b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4e2d\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u8bbe\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c92\u5b50\u5728\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4e2d\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u522b\u4e3a$t_1$\u548c$t_2$\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6700\u5927\u52a8\u80fd\u5206\u522b\u4e3a$E_{k1}$\u548c$E_{k2}$\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n

eg4:\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u78c1\u611f\u5e94\u5f3a\u5ea6\u548c\u52a0\u901f\u7535\u573a\u9891\u7387\u90fd\u6709\u6700\u5927\u503c\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u82e5\u67d0\u4e00\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u78c1\u611f\u5e94\u5f3a\u5ea6\u548c\u52a0\u901f\u7535\u573a\u9891\u7387\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a$B_m$\u3001$f_m$\uff0c\u5219\u5e26\u7535\u7c92\u5b50\u7c92\u5b50\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6700\u5927\u52a8\u80fd$E_{km}$\uff1a
\n$f=\\frac{qB}{2\\pi{m}}$\uff0c$f_B=\\frac{qB_m}{2\\pi{m}}$\uff0c\u5982\u679c$f_m<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba41954\u5e74\u5efa\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u53f06.2GeV\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u5f31\u805a\u7126\u8d28\u5b50\u540c\u6b65\u52a0\u901f\u5668\uff0c\u78c1\u94c1\u7684\u603b\u91cd\u91cf\u4e3a1\u4e07\u5428\u3002\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0bLHC(Large Hadron Collider)…<\/p>\n

ngg_shortcode_0_placeholder
\nngg_shortcode_1_placeholder
\n\u56db\u3001E.O.Lawrence
\n“Lawrence will always be remembered as the inventor of the cyclotron, but more importantly, he should be remembered as the inventor of the modern way of doing science.”
\n\u2014Luis Alvarez, winner of the 1968 Nobel Prize for Physics
\n\u907f\u514d\u88ab\u52a0\u901f\u7c92\u5b50\u4e0e\u7a7a\u6c14\u5206\u5b50\u78b0\u649e\uff0c\u6709\u771f\u7a7a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u9ad8\u9891\u7535\u538b\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8981\u6c42\u3002
\n1931\u5e74\uff0c\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u5efa\u6210\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\uff0c\u76f4\u5f84\u53ea\u670912\u5398\u7c73\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u7c92\u5b50\u80fd\u91cf\u53ef\u8fbe\u52300.8MeV\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5efa\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u3002\u56de\u65cb\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u7684Dee\u76d2\u5185\u8981\u6709\u771f\u7a7a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ea4\u6d41\u7535\u538b\u7684\u9891\u7387$10^7$
\nE.O.Lawrence was the “father of big science”, the first to advance the idea of doing research with multidisciplinary teams of scientists and engineers.
\n\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868\u4e0a\u7b2c103\u53f7\u5143\u7d20\u94f9\uff08Lawrencium\uff09…
\n\"1932\"
\n\u201cIt never does much good to find out why you can\u2019t; put your effort into what you can do.\u201d
\n\u2014 Ernest Lawrence
\n\u548c\u8bf4\u592a\u591a\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u601d\u8003\u4e0d\u662f\u4ef6\u574f\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u601d\u8003\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u5927\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9644\uff1a
\nB(magnetic flux density)
\n\u78c1\u611f\u5e94\u5f3a\u5ea6\u53c8\u79f0\u78c1\u901a\u91cf\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u7279\u65af\u62c9(Tesla)\uff0c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u7f8e\u7c4d\u585e\u5c14\u7ef4\u4e9a\u53d1\u660e\u5bb6\u5c3c\u53e4\u62c9\u00b7\u7279\u65af\u62c9\u3002
\n\u5728CGS\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c\u78c1\u611f\u5e94\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u9ad8\u65af\uff08Gauss\uff09\uff0c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u5fb7\u56fd\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u00b7\u9ad8\u65af\u3002$1G_s={10}^{-4}T$\u3002
\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b0\u7bb1\u8d34\u7684\u78c1\u611f\u5e94\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7ea6$1G_s$\uff1b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6700\u5f3a\u77ac\u95f4\u78c1\u573a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e3a80T…
\nH(magnetic field strength)
\n\u56fd\u9645\u5355\u4f4d\u4e4b\u4e2d\u78c1\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3aA\/m,\u5728CGS\u5236\u4e2d\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u5965\u65af\u7279\uff08Oersted\uff09\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u4e3aOe\uff0c\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4e39\u9ea6\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u6c49\u65af\u00b7\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5b89\u00b7\u5965\u65af\u7279\u3002\u5728\u771f\u7a7a\u4e2d\uff0c1Oe=1Gs\u3002\uff08\u5965\u65af\u7279\u6bd4\u6b27\u59c6\u5f85\u9047\u9ad8\uff0c\u540c\u4e3a\u9996\u5b57\u6bcdO,\u6b27\u59c6\u88ab\u03a9\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\uff09
\nwho what where when why how<\/strong>…<\/p>\n

$\\mathfrak{qiusir@qiutopia}$
\n\u8bfe\u540e\u7684\u51e0\u70b9\u8865\u5145\uff1a\uff082019\/10\/15\uff09
\n1\u3001\u8bfe\u4e0a\u8bb2\u89e3\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u4ece\u51c6\u5907\u7684\u6750\u6599\u4e2d\u63d0\u70bc\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8bf4\u662f\u4ece\u67d0\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf\u7d22\u63a8\u8fdb\u7684\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u770b\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5426\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624d\u662f\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5426\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u624d\u662f\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u548c\u719f\u7ec3\u7684\u7ec3\u4e60…
\n2\u3001\u5173\u4e8e\u5f15\u5165\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u81e7\u540c\u5b66\u4e13\u6ce8\u7684\u51fb\u7403\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u8bbe\u60f3\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4ed6\uff0c\u662f\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u5458\uff1f\u5728\u5c11\u5e74\u73ed\u8bfb\u4e66\u7684\u4ed6\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u8f70\u51fb\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u5c0f\u5fae\u7c92\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8eab\u540e\u9ed1\u677f\u4e0a\u7684\u56fe\u548c\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u5f88\u76f8\u8fd1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3MIT\u5362\u56e0\u6559\u6388\u7684\u677f\u4e66\u4e5f\u548c\u4eca\u5929\u8bfe\u9898\u547c\u5e94\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u5927\u90fdGET\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u70b9\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8e\u6211\u7279\u5730\u653e\u4e86\u74f6\u53ef\u4e50\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u7d27\uff0c\u6ca1\u600e\u4e48\u8bf4…\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u6781\u9650\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u5927\u7684\u6781\u9650\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u94f6\u6cb3\u6bd4\u5982\u5b87\u5b99\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6781\u9650\u662f\u5c0f\u7684\u6781\u9650\uff0c\u539f\u5b50\u6838\uff0c\u6838\u5b50\uff0c\u5938\u514b\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u56de\u5230\u81e7\u540c\u5b66\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u63a2\u7a76\u7269\u8d28\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5728\u533b\u7597\u5728\u751f\u7269\u7b49\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u6709\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5411\u7740\u5927\u7269\u4f53\u8fd8\u662f\u5c0f\u7269\u4f53\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u7684\u65e0\u9650\u201d…
\n3\u3001\u770b\u5230\u5916\u56fd\u8bed\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u540c\u4e8b\u6765\uff0c\u6709\u65b0\u7586\u90e8\u3001\u7406\u79d1\u90e8\u548c\u5c11\u513f\u90e8\u7684\u6765\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u9ad8\u4e2d\u90e8\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u51e0\u4f4d\u522b\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u8001\u5e08\u4e5f\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u611f\u8c22\u6367\u573a…
\n4\u3001\u6768\u4e13\u5bb6\u8bc4\u8bfe\uff0c\u63d0\u5230\u9996\u5e2d\u6559\u5e08…\u6559\u5316\u5b66\u51fa\u8eab\u7684\u4ed6\u8001\u4eba\u5bb6\u8fd8\u7279\u5730\u5148\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86\u52a0\u901f\u5668\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u63d0\u5230\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f20\u6388\uff0c\u8fd8\u5f3a\u8c03\u77e5\u8bc6\u63a2\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u5927\u8111\u4e0d\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u662f\u706b\u628a\u7684\u540d\u8a00\u3002\u8bf4\u5230\u677f\u4e66\u5f88\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u9ed1\u677f\u767d\u677f\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u989c\u8272\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u51f8\u663e\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5173\u5fc3\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u8fd8\u91cd\u89c6\u5b66\u751f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u63d0\u51fa…\u4e2a\u4eba\u7d20\u8d28\u597d\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a\u3002\u5e7d\u9ed8\uff0c\u201c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u5761\u8def\u4e0d\u8981\u60b2\u89c2\uff0c\u52a8\u80fd\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0…\u201d\u8ba9\u4ed6\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\u3002
\n5\u3001\u5f20\u7ec4\u957f\u8bc4\u8bfe\uff0c\u63d0\u5230\u4e0a\u8bfe\u7684\u8282\u594f\u611f\uff0c\u4e0d\u7d27\u4e0d\u6162\uff0c\u5f20\u5f1b\u6709\u5ea6\uff1b\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5b66\u751f\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u767d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u653e\u5f03\u4ea4\u6d41\uff1b\u8bfe\u5802\u5185\u5916\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u7d20\u517b\uff1b\u5c0f\u5b69\u7684\u7167\u7247\u5f15\u5165\uff0cPPT\u8033\u76ee\u4e00\u65b0\uff0c\u91cd\u89c6\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u4e92\u52a8…
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