\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\uff08Aristot\u00e9l\u0113s\uff0c\u524d384\u5e74\uff0d\u524d322\u5e74\uff0c\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\uff09\u662f\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u5927\u5e1d\u7684\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8001\u5e08\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\uff08\u575a\u6301\u6325\u624b\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u90a3\u4f4d\uff09\uff0c\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u7684\u8001\u5e08\u82cf\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\u3002\u5e08\u5f92\u4e09\u4eba\u88ab\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u8005\u3002\u540d\u8a00\uff1a\u543e\u7231\u543e\u5e08\uff0c\u543e\u66f4\u7231\u771f\u7406\u3002\u4f18\u79c0\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e60\u60ef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\uff08Galileo\uff0c1564\u5e74\uff0d1642\u5e74\uff0c\u610f\u5927\u5229\uff09\u53f2\u8482\u82ac\u00b7\u970d\u91d1\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8bde\u751f\u8981\u5f52\u529f\u4e8e\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u529f\u52b3\u5927\u6982\u65e0\u4eba\u80fd\u53ca\u3002\u201d\uff08\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\uff091\u4f3d\u7b49\u4e8e1\u5398\u7c73\u6bcf\u4e8c\u6b21\u65b9\u79d2\uff081 cm\/s\u00b2\uff09
\n\u540d\u8a00\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u4ee5\u6570\u5b66\u8bed\u8a00\u5199\u6210\u7684\u4e66\u3002\u4f60\u65e0\u6cd5\u6559\u522b\u4eba\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u522b\u4eba\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u751f\u547d\u6709\u5982\u94c1\u7827\uff0c\u6108\u88ab\u6572\u6253\uff0c\u6108\u80fd\u53d1\u51fa\u706b\u82b1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u53bb\u4e16\u4e00\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u540c\u6708\u725b\u987f\u51fa\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u827e\u8428\u514b\u00b7\u725b\u987f\uff08Sir Isaac Newton\uff0c1643\u5e74\uff0d1727\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\uff09\u62c9\u683c\u6717\u65e5\u5e38\u5e38\u8bf4\u725b\u987f\u662f\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5929\u624d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u66fe\u7ecf\u8bc4\u4ef7\u725b\u987f\u662f\u201c\u6700\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u627e\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u786e\u7acb\u3002\u201d\u84b2\u67cf\u88ab\u725b\u987f\u7684\u9020\u8be3\u6240\u611f\u52a8\uff0c\u5199\u4e0b\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8bd7\u53e5\uff1a\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u5f8b\u9690\u6ca1\u5728\u9ed1\u6697\u4e2d\uff1b\u795e\u8bf4\uff0c\u8ba9\u725b\u987f\u53bb\u5427\uff01\u4e07\u7269\u9042\u6210\u5149\u660e\u3002\u201d\uff08\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u795e\u8bf4\uff0c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u4f60\u53bb\u5427\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u56de\u590d\u5230\u9ed1\u6697…\uff09
\n\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e09\u4e00\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e0e\u83b1\u5e03\u5c3c\u8328\u72ec\u7acb\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u4e86\u5fae\u79ef\u5206\u5b66…
\n\u540d\u8a00\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6211\u6bd4\u522b\u4eba\u770b\u5f97\u66f4\u8fdc\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u7ad9\u5728\u5de8\u4eba\u7684\u80a9\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\uff08Michael Faraday\uff0c1791\u5e74\uff0d1867\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd \uff09\u201c\u7535\u5b66\u91cc\u7684\u725b\u987f\u201d\u3002\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u5899\u4e0a\u653e\u7740\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7684\u4e00\u5f20\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u725b\u987f\u548c\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5c14\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u6709\u751f\u4e4b\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u63a8\u8f9e\u4e86\u5c01\u7235\u5e76\u4e14\u4e24\u6b21\u62d2\u7edd\u6210\u4e3a\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684\u4f1a\u957f\u3002
\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u7eaa\u5ff5\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\uff0c\u7535\u5bb9\u503c\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u5355\u4f4d\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u6cd5\u62c9\uff08Farad, F\uff09
\n\u540d\u8a00\uff1a\u4e00\u65e6\u79d1\u5b66\u63d2\u4e0a\u5e7b\u60f3\u7684\u7fc5\u8180\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u80fd\u8d62\u5f97\u80dc\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u53d1\u73b0\u7535\u78c1\u611f\u5e941831\u5e74\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u51fa\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\uff08 Maxwell\uff0c1831\u5e74\uff0d1879\u5e74\uff0c\u82cf\u683c\u5170\uff09\u5bf9\u57fa\u7840\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u4ec5\u6b21\u4e8e\u827e\u8428\u514b\u00b7\u725b\u987f\u3001\u827e\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u3002\u725b\u987f\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u529b\u5b66\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u673a\u68b0\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5927\u95e8\uff0c\u800c\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u7535\u78c1\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u5219\u4e3a\u7535\u5668\u65f6\u4ee3\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u77f3\u30021931\u5e74\uff0c\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u5728\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u767e\u5e74\u8bde\u8fb0\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5176\u5efa\u6811\u201c\u662f\u725b\u987f\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6700\u6df1\u523b\u548c\u6700\u5bcc\u6709\u6210\u679c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002
\n\u5251\u6865\u4e09\u4e00\u5b66\u9662\u653b\u8bfb\u6570\u5b66\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u9886\u5bfc\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5361\u6587\u8fea\u8bb8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u6c64\u59c6\u5b59\u7235\u58eb\uff08J.J.Thomson\uff0c1856\u5e74\uff0d1940\u5e74\uff0c\u82cf\u683c\u5170\uff091897\u5e74\u4ed6\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u77e5\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u5708\u5185\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u8f70\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u4e8e1906\u5e74\u88ab\u6388\u4e88\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u3002 \u6781\u5bcc\u620f\u5267\u6027\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u4f69\u5409\u7279\u00b7\u6c64\u59c6\u5b59\uff08G.P.Thomson\uff09\u540e\u6765\u56e0\u8bc1\u5b9e\u7535\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6ce2\u800c\u88ab\u6388\u4e88\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u3002\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u4e09\u4e00\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u6b27\u5185\u65af\u7279\u00b7\u5362\u745f\u798f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u539f\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u4e09\u5251\u5ba2\uff1a\u5362\u745f\u798f\u3001\u73bb\u5c14\u3001\u8d39\u7c73\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5362\u745f\u798f(Rutherford, 1871\u5e74\uff0d1937\u5e74,\u65b0\u897f\u5170\uff09\uff0c\u6838\u7269\u7406\u4e4b\u7236\uff0c\u201c\u539f\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u725b\u987f\u201d\uff0c\u5f00\u62d3\u4e86\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u8f68\u9053\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4e3a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4ed6\uff0c\u7b2c104\u53f7\u5143\u7d20\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u201c\u946a\u201d\u3002
\n\u82f1\u56fd\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u4e09\u4e00\u5b66\u9662\u5361\u6587\u8fea\u8bb8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u505a\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u521a\u5230\u5251\u6865\u6574\u65e5\u57cb\u5934\u82e6\u8bfb\uff0c\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u201c\u5149\u4f1a\u6316\u571f\u7684\u91ce\u5154\u5b50\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u672f\u8bed\uff1a\u03b1\uff08\u963f\u5c14\u6cd5\uff09\u548c\u03b2\uff08\u8d1d\u5854\uff09\u5c04\u7ebf…<\/p>\n
\u5362\u745f\u798f\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u6709\u4e39\u9ea6\u7684\u6ce2\u5c14\u3002
\n\u73bb\u5c14\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u54e5\u672c\u54c8\u6839\u5b66\u6d3e\u201d\u9886\u8896\u3002\u73bb\u5c14\u521b\u7acb\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u66f4\u662f20\u4e16\u7eaa\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u573a\u9769\u547d\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0e\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u4e3a\u4e86\u91cf\u5b50\u8bba\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u957f\u8fbe\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8bba\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8d39\u7c73\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5999\u8da3\u6a2a\u751f\u7684\u610f\u5927\u5229\u63a2\u7d22\u8005\u3001\u4e00\u4f4d\u5168\u80fd\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u662f\u4ed6\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u53d7\u63a7\u539f\u5b50\u6838\u94fe\u5f0f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65b0\u80fd\u6e90\u2014\u2014\u539f\u5b50\u80fd\u3002\u6768\u632f\u5b81\u79f0\u4ed6\u4e3a\u201c20\u4e16\u7eaa\u6240\u6709\u4f1f\u5927\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6700\u53d7\u5c0a\u656c\u548c\u5d07\u62dc\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u201d<\/p>\n
\u5362\u745f\u798f\u662f\u4e2a\u4e1a\u4f59\u65e0\u7ebf\u7535\u53d1\u660e\u5bb6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e2a\u9876\u5c16\u9ad8\u624b\uff1b\u73bb\u5c14\u5bf9\u822a\u6d77\u60c5\u6709\u72ec\u949f\uff0c\u8fd8\u559c\u6b22\u8e22\u8db3\u7403\uff0c\u5e74\u8f7b\u65f6\u66fe\u62c5\u4efb\u4e39\u9ea6\u56fd\u5bb6\u8db3\u7403\u961f\u7684\u5b88\u95e8\u5458\uff1b\u8d39\u7c73\u662f\u4e2a\u6d6a\u6f2b\u7684\u201c\u98d9\u8f66\u65cf\u201d…<\/p>\n
\u201c\u540d\u5e08\u51fa\u9ad8\u5f92\u201d\u3002\u5362\u745f\u798f\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c\u51fa\u4e8612\u4f4d\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u3002\u73bb\u5c14\u7684\u95e8\u751f\u548c\u624b\u4e0b\uff0c\u67098\u4f4d\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ed6\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u5c0f\u73bb\u5c14\u3002\u73bb\u5c14\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u201c\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u7684\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u201d\u3002\u8d39\u7c73\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u67096\u4eba\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e24\u4f4d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6768\u632f\u5b81\u548c\u674e\u653f\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n
\u963f\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\uff08Albert Einstein\uff0c1879\u5e74\uff0d1955\u5e74\uff09\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u4e4b\u7236\u53ca\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u57281905\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u516d\u7bc7\u5212\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c100\u5e74\u540e\u76842005\u5e74\u56e0\u6b64\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e3a\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u7269\u7406\u5e74\u201d\u3002
\n\u540d\u8a00\uff1a\u903b\u8f91\u5e26\u4f60\u4eceA\u70b9\u5230\u8fbeB\u70b9\uff0c\u60f3\u8c61\u529b\u5e26\u4f60\u53bb\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u4eba\u751f\u5c31\u50cf\u9a91\u5355\u8f66\u3002\u60f3\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u8861\u5c31\u5f97\u5f80\u524d\u8d70\u3002\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u5230\u8fbe\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u4e09\u4e00\u5b66\u9662\uff1a\u725b\u987f\u3001\u62dc\u4f26\u3001\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u3001\u54c8\u4ee3\u3001\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u3001\u7f57\u7d20\u3001\u62c9\u5409\u592b\u00b7\u7518\u5730<\/p>\n
\u5361\u6587\u8fea\u8bb8\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff08Cavendish Laboratory\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\uff0c\u7531\u8457\u540d\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u00b7\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u4e8e1871\u5e74\u521b\u5efa
\n\u5386\u4efb\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e3b\u4efb\uff08\u5361\u6587\u8fea\u8bb8\u6559\u6388\uff09\uff1a\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u3001\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u3001\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u6c64\u59c6\u5b59\u3001\u6b27\u5185\u65af\u7279\u00b7\u5362\u745f\u798f\u3001\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u00b7\u5e03\u62c9\u683c…
\n\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff1a\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u6c64\u59c6\u5b59\u7814\u7a76\u9634\u6781\u5c04\u7ebf\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u7535\u5b50\u3002\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u67e5\u5fb7\u5a01\u514b\u53d1\u73b0\u4e2d\u5b50\u3002\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u6c64\u59c6\u5b59\u8fdb\u884c\u7535\u5b50\u884d\u5c04\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u6ce2\u7c92\u4e8c\u8c61\u6027\u30021953\u5e74\uff0c\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u6c83\u68ee\u4e0e\u4f5b\u6717\u897f\u65af\u00b7\u514b\u91cc\u514b\u53d1\u73b0\u8131\u6c27\u6838\u7cd6\u6838\u9178\uff08DNA\uff09\u7684\u53cc\u87ba\u65cb\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n
\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u540d\u4eba\uff1a\u5f00\u5c14\u6587William Thomson (1824 – 1907)\u6e29\u5ea6\u5355\u4f4d\u3001\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6Maxwell (1831-1879)\u7535\u78c1\u573a\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u76ae\u5170\u65afPillans (1778 – 1864)\u9ed1\u677f\u3001\u5f69\u8272\u7c89\u7b14.\u3001\u74e6\u7279Watt (1736 – 1819)\u84b8\u6c7d\u673a\u3001\u8d1d\u5c14\u5fb7Baird (1888 – 1946)\u7535\u89c6\u3001\u8d1d\u5c14Bell (1847 – 1922)\u7535\u8bdd\u3001\u5f17\u83b1\u660eFleming (1881 – 1955)\u9752\u9709\u7d20…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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