{"id":39637,"date":"2025-12-12T15:24:26","date_gmt":"2025-12-12T07:24:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.qiusir.com\/?p=39637"},"modified":"2025-12-12T15:24:26","modified_gmt":"2025-12-12T07:24:26","slug":"%e4%bb%8e%e9%ba%a6%e5%85%8b%e6%96%af%e9%9f%a6%e6%96%b9%e7%a8%8b%e7%bb%84%e5%88%b0%e5%85%89%e9%80%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qiusir.com\/?p=39637","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u65b9\u7a0b\u7ec4\u5230\u5149\u901f"},"content":{"rendered":"

JQX\/\u8fdb\u53d6\u82af \u5e2d\u660e\u7eb3\u7b2c22\u671f\uff082025.12.09\uff09
\n\"\"<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u65b9\u7a0b\u7ec4\u5230\u5149\u901f<\/strong>
\n\"\"
\nJQX|Xiao<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6ce2\u52a8\u65b9\u7a0b
\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u68b0\u6ce2\uff0c\u60f3\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b83\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e3a\uff1a\\( D(x) = A \\sin \\frac{2\\pi}{\\lambda} x \\)\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u68b0\u6ce2\u4ee5\u901f\u5ea6 \\( v \\) \u5411\u53f3\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u5219 \\( t \\) \u65f6\u523b\u7684\u6ce2\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\uff1a\\( D(x,t) = A \\sin \\left[ \\frac{2\\pi}{\\lambda} (x – vt) \\right] \\)\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u5468\u671f \\( T \\) \u53ef\u53d8\u5f62\u4e3a\uff1a\\( D(x,t) = A \\sin \\left( \\frac{2\\pi x}{\\lambda} – \\frac{2\\pi t}{T} \\right) \\)\u3002
\n\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\uff1a\\( D(x,t) = A \\sin (kx – \\omega t) \\)
\n\u5176\u4e2d \\( k = \\frac{2\\pi}{\\lambda} \\)\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6ce2\u6570\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u5f97\u5230\u6ce2\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u901f\u5ea6\u4e3a\uff1a\\( v = \\lambda f = \\left( \\frac{2\\pi}{k} \\right) \\left( \\frac{\\omega}{2\\pi} \\right) = \\frac{\\omega}{k} \\)
\n\u4e8c\u3001\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u65b9\u7a0b\u7ec4
\n\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u65b9\u7a0b\u7ec4\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u7a0b\uff1a
\n1. \\( \\oint \\vec{E} \\cdot d\\vec{A} = \\frac{Q}{\\epsilon_0} \\)
\n2. \\( \\oint \\vec{B} \\cdot d\\vec{A} = 0 \\)
\n3. \\( \\oint \\vec{E} \\cdot d\\vec{l} = – \\frac{d\\Phi_B}{dt} \\)
\n4. \\( \\oint \\vec{B} \\cdot d\\vec{l} = \\mu_0 I + \\mu_0 \\epsilon_0 \\frac{d\\Phi_E}{dt} \\)
\n\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u7535\u573a\u7684\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u78c1\u573a\u65e0\u6e90\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u662f\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7535\u78c1\u611f\u5e94\u65b9\u7a0b\uff0c\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b89\u57f9\u73af\u8def\u5b9a\u5f8b\u3002\u524d\u9762\u4e09\u4e2a\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e0b\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a
\n\u5b89\u57f9\u73af\u8def\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a\\( \\oint \\vec{B} \\cdot d\\vec{l} = \\mu_0 I \\)\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u884c\u677f\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u8fde\u7740\u4e24\u6839\u5bfc\u7ebf\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u5145\u7535\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u6839\u5bfc\u7ebf\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u65af\u73af\u8def\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6c42\u51fa\u5b83\u7684\u78c1\u573a\u73af\u8def\u79ef\u5206\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u7b49\u5f0f\u53f3\u9762\u7684\u7535\u6d41 \\( I \\) \u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u9009\u62e9\uff1f\"\"
\n\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7535\u6d41\u662f\u6307\u201c\u901a\u8fc7\u73af\u8def\u6240\u56f4\u6210\u7684\u622a\u9762\u201d\u7684\u7535\u6d41\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u622a\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u9009\u62e9\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u9762\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bfc\u7ebf\u7a7f\u8fc7\u5b83\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u9009\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f2\u9762\uff0c**\u5c31\u50cf\u5439\u8d77\u7684\u6ce1\u6ce1\u7cd6**\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b83\u628a\u7535\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u677f\u5305\u542b\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u9009\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u6ce1\u6ce1\u7cd6\uff09\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u7535\u6d41\u7a7f\u8fc7\u5b83\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u660e\u660e\u9009\u53d6\u7684\u9ad8\u65af\u73af\u8def\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u7535\u6d41\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7b49\u5f0f\u53f3\u8fb9\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f**\u66ff\u4ee3**\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7535\u6d41\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7535\u6d41\u53eb\u505a**\u4f4d\u79fb\u7535\u6d41**\u3002
\n\u6839\u636e\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a\\( \\Phi_E = E \\cdot A = \\frac{Q}{\\epsilon_0} \\)\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u5b83\u6c42\u5bfc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\uff1a\\( \\frac{d\\Phi_E}{dt} = \\frac{1}{\\epsilon_0} \\frac{dQ}{dt} = \\frac{1}{\\epsilon_0} I \\)\u3002
\n\u5f97\u5230\u7535\u6d41\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a\\( I_d = \\epsilon_0 \\frac{d\\Phi_E}{dt} \\)\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7535\u6d41\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a\u4f4d\u79fb\u7535\u6d41\uff0c\u5b83\u53cd\u5e94\u4e86\u7535\u573a\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u78c1\u573a\u3002\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u78c1\u573a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7531\u7535\u6d41\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7531\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7535\u573a\u4ea7\u751f\u3002\u5f53\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u65e2\u6709\u7535\u6d41\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u7535\u573a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4e0b\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\\( \\oint \\vec{B} \\cdot d\\vec{l} = \\mu_0 (I + I_d) = \\mu_0 I + \\mu_0 \\epsilon_0 \\frac{d\\Phi_E}{dt} \\)
\n\u4e09\u3001\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u65b9\u7a0b\u7ec4\u63a8\u5bfc\u5149\u901f
\n1. \u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u65b9\u7a0b\u7ec4\uff08\u771f\u7a7a\u73af\u5883\uff09\u3002\u5148\u8003\u8651\u771f\u7a7a\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u7535\u8377 (\\( Q=0 \\)) \u548c\u7535\u6d41 (\\( I=0 \\))\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u65b9\u7a0b\u7ec4\u7684\u79ef\u5206\u5f62\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\n1. \u7535\u573a\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a\\( \\oint \\vec{E} \\cdot d\\vec{A} = 0 \\)
\n2. \u78c1\u573a\u9ad8\u65af\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a\\( \\oint \\vec{B} \\cdot d\\vec{A} = 0 \\)
\n3. \u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u7535\u78c1\u611f\u5e94\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a\\( \\oint \\vec{E} \\cdot d\\vec{l} = – \\frac{d\\Phi_B}{dt} \\)
\n4. \u5b89\u57f9-\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff1a\\( \\oint \\vec{B} \\cdot d\\vec{l} = \\mu_0 \\epsilon_0 \\frac{d\\Phi_E}{dt} \\)
\n2. \u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u9636\u504f\u5fae\u5206\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u7535\u78c1\u6ce2\u6cbf \\( x \\) \u8f74\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u7535\u573a \\( E \\) \u6cbf \\( y \\) \u8f74\uff0c\u78c1\u573a \\( B \\) \u6cbf \\( z \\) \u8f74\uff0c\u5373 \\( E = E_y = E_0 \\sin(kx – \\omega t) \\) \u548c \\( B = B_z = B_0 \\sin(kx – \\omega t) \\)\u3002
\n\u5229\u7528\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u8ba1\u7b97\u7535\u573a\u7b49\u5f0f\u5de6\u53f3\u4e24\u8fb9\uff0c\u53ef\u5f97\uff1a\\( \\frac{\\partial E}{\\partial x} = – \\frac{\\partial B}{\\partial t} \\) \u2014\u2014 (\u5f0f 1)
\n\u5229\u7528\u5b89\u57f9-\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff08\u9009\u53d6 \\( xz \\) \u5e73\u9762\u56de\u8def\uff09\uff1a
\n\u8ba1\u7b97\u78c1\u573a\u73af\u8def\u79ef\u5206\u4e0e\u7535\u901a\u91cf\u53d8\u5316\u7387\uff08\u4f4d\u79fb\u7535\u6d41\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u5f97\uff1a\\( – \\frac{\\partial B}{\\partial x} = \\mu_0 \\epsilon_0 \\frac{\\partial E}{\\partial t} \\) \u2014\u2014 (\u5f0f 2)\"\"
\n3. \u4ee3\u5165\u6ce2\u52a8\u65b9\u7a0b
\n\u8ba1\u7b97\u7535\u573a\u548c\u78c1\u573a\u5bf9\u7a7a\u95f4 \\( x \\) \u548c\u65f6\u95f4 \\( t \\) \u7684\u504f\u5bfc\u6570\uff1a
\n\\( \\frac{\\partial E}{\\partial x} = k E_0 \\cos(kx – \\omega t) \\) \u4e14 \\( \\frac{\\partial E}{\\partial t} = -\\omega E_0 \\cos(kx – \\omega t) \\)
\n\\( \\frac{\\partial B}{\\partial x} = k B_0 \\cos(kx – \\omega t) \\) \u4e14 \\( \\frac{\\partial B}{\\partial t} = -\\omega B_0 \\cos(kx – \\omega t) \\)
\n4. \u6bd4\u8f83\u7cfb\u6570
\n\u4ee3\u5165\u6cd5\u62c9\u7b2c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5173\u7cfb\u5f0f\uff1a
\n\u7531 \\( \\frac{\\partial E}{\\partial x} = – \\frac{\\partial B}{\\partial t} \\)\uff0c\u4ee3\u5165\u53ef\u5f97\uff1a\\( k E_0 \\cos(\\dots) = – [-\\omega B_0 \\cos(\\dots)] \\)\u3002\u5316\u7b80\u5f97\uff1a\\( k E_0 = \\omega B_0 \\)\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u5f97\u5230\uff1a\\( \\frac{E_0}{B_0} = \\frac{\\omega}{k} = v \\)
\n\u7531 \\( – \\frac{\\partial B}{\\partial x} = \\mu_0 \\epsilon_0 \\frac{\\partial E}{\\partial t} \\)\uff0c\u4ee3\u5165\u5b89\u57f9\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5173\u7cfb\u5f0f\u53ef\u5f97\uff1a\\( – k B_0 \\cos(\\dots) = \\mu_0 \\epsilon_0 [-\\omega E_0 \\cos(\\dots)] \\)\u3002\u5316\u7b80\u5f97\uff1a\\( k B_0 = \\mu_0 \\epsilon_0 \\omega E_0 \\)\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u5f97\uff1a\\( \\frac{E_0}{B_0} = \\frac{k}{\\mu_0 \\epsilon_0 \\omega} \\)
\n\u8054\u7acb\u6c42\u89e3\uff1a\\( v = \\frac{k}{\\mu_0 \\epsilon_0 \\omega} = \\frac{1}{\\mu_0 \\epsilon_0 (\\omega\/k)} = \\frac{1}{\\mu_0 \\epsilon_0 v} \\)\u5373\uff1a\\( v^2 = \\frac{1}{\\mu_0 \\epsilon_0} \\)
\n\u89e3\u5f97\uff1a\\( v = \\frac{1}{\\sqrt{\\mu_0 \\epsilon_0}} = c \\approx 3.00 \\times 10^8 \\text{ m\/s} \\)(c=299792458m\/s)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

JQX\/\u8fdb\u53d6\u82af \u5e2d\u660e\u7eb3\u7b2c22\u671f\uff082025.12.09\uff09 \u4ece\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u65b9\u7a0b\u7ec4\u5230\u5149\u901f JQX|Xiao \u4e00\u3001\u6ce2\u52a8\u65b9\u7a0b … \u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[460,247],"class_list":["post-39637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-jqx","tag-jqx","tag-physics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiusir.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39637","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiusir.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiusir.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiusir.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiusir.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=39637"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiusir.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39637\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qiusir.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=39637"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiusir.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=39637"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qiusir.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=39637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}